教皇方济各将呼吁减少碳排放

Pope Francis will call for a “drastic reduction” in carbon emissions and lash out against “economic powers” that are opposing efforts to combat climate change, according to an early draft of his forthcoming encyclical on the environment.

教皇方济各(Pope Francis)即将发表的一则关于环境的通谕初稿显示，他将呼吁“大幅减少”碳排放，并抨击那些抵制抗击气候变化努力的“经济大国”。

The Vatican was due to publish the document — which counts as the highest form of papal teaching in the Catholic Church — on Thursday, but Italian magazine L’Espresso released a 192-page version on Monday.

梵蒂冈计划于周四发布这则通谕，但意大利杂志L’Espresso周一发布了一份192页的初稿文本。通谕是天主教会最高形式的教廷文书。

Although Vatican officials warned that the text was not final, it nonetheless offered a clear and detailed picture of the 78-year-old Argentine pontiff’s message on the environment, which could emerge as the most enduring legacy of his tenure at the helm of the 1.2bn-strong Catholic Church.

虽然梵蒂冈的官员警告说，这一文本并非最终版本，但它已清晰、详细地展现了这位78岁高龄的阿根廷籍教皇在环境问题上的立场，可能成为他执掌拥有逾12亿信徒的天主教会任期内留下的最永恒遗产。

In the encyclical, which is timed to bolster the push for a global deal to cut carbon emissions in Paris at the end of 2015, Pope Francis writes that global warming has been caused “mainly by human activity”, even though other factors, such as changes in orbits and the eruption of volcanoes may have played a role.

这则通谕是为支持2015年底在巴黎达成一项全球削减碳排放协议的努力而发布。教皇方济各写道，全球变暖“主要是由人类活动”引起的，尽管地球运行轨道变化及火山爆发等其他因素可能也产生了影响。

He laments that so far efforts to forge solutions to the “environmental crisis” have been stymied by “the refusal of the powerful, [and] the disinterest of the others”.

他痛惜道，到目前为止，为解决“环境危机”的努力由于“大国的拒绝（以及）其他国家的漠不关心”而受到阻碍。

“The attitudes that are blocking solutions — even among believers — range from denial to indifference to comfortable resignation or blind faith in technology,” he says.

他说，“阻碍达成解决方案的态度（甚至在信徒中）包括拒绝、漠不关心、安逸地忍受或者盲目相信科技。”

“Many of those who hold more resources and economic or political power seem to focus mainly on disguising problems and hiding their symptoms, and are merely trying to mitigate the negative impacts of climate change,” Pope Francis writes, adding that “speculation” and the “search for a quick profit” tend to ignore environmental impacts.

教皇方济各写道，“许多拥有更多资源、经济或政治权力的人似乎主要把精力用在掩饰和隐瞒问题，只是在试着缓和气候变化的负面影响，”并补充说，“投机”和“对快速获利的追逐”往往忽视环境影响。

“The submission of politics to technology and finance is proven by the failure of global summits on the environment,” he said.

“政治对科技和金融的屈从已从全球环境峰会的失败得到了证明，”他说。

But Pope Francis is also calling on ordinary people — and not just Christians — to take action in their everyday lives. “Humanity must be conscious of the need to change its way of living, producing, and consuming,” he writes.

但教皇方济各也呼吁普通民众（不仅是基督教徒）在日常生活中采取行动。“人类必须意识到改变自己生活、生产和消费方式的必要性，”他写道。

Climate change sceptics, particularly in the US, have taken aim at Pope Francis, who is due to address the UN and the US Congress on sustainable development in September.

教皇方济各将于9月就可持续发展问题在联合国和美国国会发表演讲。气候变化怀疑论者已将矛头指向教皇方济各，特别是在美国。

US Republican presidential candidate Rick Santorum, a Catholic and climate change sceptic, has said the Church would be “better off leaving science to the scientists”.

美国共和党总统候选人里克•桑托勒姆(Rick Santorum)是一名天主教徒，也是一位气候变化怀疑论者。他说，教会“最好将科学留给科学家处理”。