南非民众礼拜堂内告别曼德拉

South Africans filled houses of worship on Sunday to remember their first black leader, Nelson Mandela, whose death last week sparked an outpouring of grief, remembrance and preparations for his hometown funeral and a memorial at a massive soccer stadium.

南非民众周日聚集到礼拜堂内，缅怀他们的第一位黑人领袖纳尔逊?曼德拉(Nelson Mandela)。曼德拉上周四去世，人们纷纷表达悲痛之情，举行缅怀活动，并为在他家乡举行的葬礼和将在一个体育场举办的大型纪念活动做准备。

Mr. Mandela, who died Thursday evening at his Johannesburg home at 95 years old, enjoyed near mythical status in the racially divided country, and President Jacob Zuma had designated Sunday as a day of prayer and reflection on his life.

曼德拉于上周四晚在约翰内斯堡的家中去世，享年95岁。在这个种族对立严重的国家，曼德拉享有近乎神话般的地位，南非总统祖马(Jacob Zuma)已经宣布周日为祈祷日，纪念曼德拉的一生。

South African officials fanned out to different churches and synagogues, in what amounted to a fresh campaign to use the spirit of the late statesman to bridge the country's lingering societal divides.

南非官员分散来到各教堂和会堂，在这场相当于新一轮造势的活动当中，利用这位刚过世政治家的精神来修补该国长期存在的社会分裂状况。

'We should not forget the values that Madiba stood for and sacrificed his life for,' President Zuma told those gathered at a church in Johannesburg, using Mr. Mandela's clan name. 'He actively participated to remove the oppressor to liberate the people of this country. When our struggle came to an end, he preached and practiced reconciliation to make those who had been fighting to forgive one another and become one nation.'

南非总统祖马在约翰内斯堡对聚集在一所教堂内的民众说，我们不应该忘记，马迪巴(Madiba)所代表的、他所为之牺牲的那些价值观。马迪巴是曼德拉的部族名。他说，他积极投身于推翻压迫者、解放我国人民的运动，当我们的奋争到达终点的时候，他要求我们和解，让那些曾经战斗过的人们彼此谅解，共同建设一个国家，并且为此身体力行。

Meanwhile, in a Methodist church overlooking Mr. Mandela's rural home of Qunu, community members also gathered in song and prayer. 'We are here to give Madiba a peaceful journey,' said churchgoer Sabelo Ngqeleni. 'We will always remember his spirit.'

与此同时，与曼德拉在东开普省库努(Qunu)农村的住处相望的一家卫理公会教堂，社区内人员还聚在一起唱歌、祈祷。经常到教堂礼拜的Sabelo Ngqeleni说，我们在这里为马迪巴送行，祝他一路平安，我们会永远记住他的精神。

The 50-year-old said it was because of Mr. Mandela's urging for all South Africans to go to school that he left a job as a gold miner to get a better education. He now works for the Eastern Cape Department of Agriculture and Land Affairs.

这名现年50岁的人士说，正因为曼德拉敦促全南非人都去上学，他才放弃了掘金工的工作，去接受更好的教育。他现在为东开普省农业和土地事务部(Eastern Cape Department of Agriculture and Land Affairs)工作。

The prayers marked the beginning of a weeklong mourning period ahead of the funeral for Mr. Mandela, who came to power in 1994 after 27 years in prison and died on Thursday.

祈祷活动标志着在曼德拉的葬礼前长达一周的悼念期的开始。曼德拉于1994年上台执政，此前他曾在狱中度过了27年。

More than two-dozen heads of state have confirmed their attendance at a memorial set for Tuesday at a 90,000-seat soccer stadium in Johannesburg, the presidency said on Sunday. It added that some of them may also attend Mr. Mandela's burial Sunday in his home village of Qunu, in South Africa's rural Eastern Cape province.

南非总统府说，20多名国家元首已经确认将参加定于周二举行的纪念活动，活动将在约翰内斯堡的一个能容纳9万人的体育场内举行。总统府还补充说，其中一些国家元首还将参加一周后在库努为曼德拉举行的葬礼。

President Barack Obama and his wife, Michelle, will be coming to South Africa, along with former presidents Jimmy Carter, George W. Bush and Bill Clinton, the presidency said. In addition, 26 U.S. lawmakers are expected to attend Mr. Mandela's funeral proceedings.

南非总统府说，美国总统奥巴马(Barack Obama)及夫人米歇尔(Michelle)将前往南非，同行的还将包括前总统卡特(Jimmy Carter)、前总统小布什(George W. Bush)、前总统克林顿(Bill Clinton)。除此之外，26名美国议员预计将参加曼德拉的葬礼。

In Qunu, Mr. Mandela will be buried in a stone plot surrounded by aloe plants overlooking the salmon pink home he built after his release from prison.

在库努村，曼德拉将被安葬在一块岩石地，墓地周围生长着芦荟科植物，与他在出狱后为自己建造的橙红色房屋相望。

In between Tuesday's memorial and Sunday's burial in Qunu, people will be invited to view Mr. Mandela's body lying in the capital Pretoria. For three days, his remains will be transported back and forth between a military hospital to a complex there called the Union Buildings, with South Africans expected to line the route to pay their respects.

在本周二的纪念仪式和一周之后的葬礼之间，人们会受邀到南非首都比勒陀利亚瞻仰曼德拉的遗体。在三天的时间内，他的遗体将在一座军方医院和一处名为“联合大厦”(Union Buildings)的建筑之间来回运送，南非民众将在运送沿线向曼德拉致哀。

Others outside South Africa have also begun to memorialize a liberation hero who became a global symbol of equal rights for oppressed people. South Africa's government said that Kashmir, the contested territory between India and Pakistan, declared five days mourning; Iran named a street after Mr. Mandela.

南非以外的其他人也已经开始纪念这位解放运动的英雄。他已经成为全球为被压迫人民争取平等权利的象征。南非政府说，印度和巴基斯坦之间有争议的克什米尔地区宣布举行为期五天的哀悼活动；伊朗将一条街道用曼德拉的名字来命名。

For many in his hometown, the memories of Mr. Mandela were more personal. In his memoirs, Mr. Mandela says some of his fondest memories were of the time he spent playing in streams and stick fighting in Qunu. Today, the stream has dried up and the village struggles with high unemployment but Mr. Mandela is still seen as the man who brought freedom.

对曼德拉家乡的很多人来说，对他的纪念更具个人色彩。曼德拉在他的回忆录中说，他最难忘的回忆片段包括了在库奴(Qunu)小溪中玩耍以及拿着棍子打闹的时光。如今，小溪已经干涸，而这个村子也面临着高失业率，但曼德拉仍被视为带来自由的人。

Outside Mr. Mandela's house, a group of young men sat staring across the road. One said: 'It's too early to talk.'

在曼德拉的住所外，一群年轻人坐在马路对面凝视着房子。其中一人说，现在开口说些什么还太早。

Other residents recall times Mr. Mandela would walk through Qunu, stopping to speak to people.

其他居民则回忆起曼德拉走过库奴，停下来和人们交谈的情形。

In 1995, not long after Mr. Mandela was elected president, Benjamin Xala said he was home at Christmas when he saw Mr. Mandela strolling past his house.

1995年，就在曼德拉被选举为总统后不久，本杰明?萨拉(Benjamin Xala)说他当时正在家中过 诞节，看到曼德拉从他家经过。

'I had no words so he said, 'aren't you going to come greet me?' Mr. Xala said, standing in his yard with a view of Mr. Mandela's house. 'We took pictures and the whole family met him.'

萨拉说：“我当时没说话，所以曼德拉主动说‘你不来和我打个招呼吗？’。我们随后拍了照，我全家人都和他见了面。”在说这番话时，萨拉站在他的院子里，从那里可以看到曼德拉的住所。

The village chief of Qunu, Nokwanele Balizulu, said once she couldn't pay her child's school fees and Mr. Mandela helped.

库奴村的村长Nokwanele Balizulu说，她曾经一度无法支付孩子的学费，曼德拉帮助了她。

With Mr. Mandela's passing, some in the village are concerned they lost a benefactor. In recent years, Mr. Mandela's ruling African National Congress has confronted so-called service delivery protests in predominantly black townships and villages among those fed-up with power outages, poor roads and a dearth of decent housing.

曼德拉逝世后，库奴村的一些人担心他们失去了一个给予他们帮助的人。近年来，曼德拉所在的执政党非洲国民大会(African National Congress)一直在面临所谓公共服务抗议活动的问题。这些抗议活动主要是在以黑人为主的村镇，由那些对停电、糟糕的道路状况和缺乏良好住房不满的人发起。

'I'm worried about this current government but we must release Mandela because he has worked hard for us,' said 71-year-old Beatrice Mathsqi, attending another prayer service in Mqhekezweni, where Mr. Mandela lived after Qunu.

71岁的Beatrice Mathsqi参加了曼德拉离开库奴后的居住地Mqhekezweni的祷告活动。Mathsqi说，我对现任政府感到担忧，但我们必须区别对待曼德拉，因为他已经为我们付出了巨大的努力。

Residents of Qunu are now preparing themselves for the influx of visitors in the coming days and years. Authorities are expanding a lone two-lane highway leading into the town. Hotels in the closest city with lodging and an airport, called Mthatha, have doubled prices this week. Qunu's resident are renting out their home for hundreds of dollars a night.

库奴的居民目前正准备迎接未来数天和数年蜂拥而至的参观者。当局正在扩建通往该村的唯一一条两车道公路。离该村最近的、有机场和食宿服务的城市是Mthatha，那里的酒店房价本周已经上涨了一倍。库奴的居民则对外出租他们的房屋，价格为数百美元一晚。

Police have closed a two-mile stretch of road in front of Mr. Mandela's house, diverting traffic from it. Four military trucks park in front of the house while event trucks come and go ahead of the Dec. 15 burial. Cranes behind the home were busy erecting scaffolding for a tent.

警方关闭了曼德拉住所前两英里范围的道路，车辆至此需绕行。住所前停着四辆军用卡车，在12月15日葬礼前不断有活动用车到来和离开。住所后面，吊车正忙于为一个大帐篷搭建脚手架。

The day before his burial, the government said the family will have a private gathering and hold a traditional Xhosa ceremony, in honor of Mr. Mandela's ethnic group. Mr. Mandela embraced his Xhosa heritage, but he also showed deep loyalty for the ANC, the liberation party that brought together people of all ethnic groups.

南非政府说，在曼德拉葬礼前一天，曼德拉家人将单独聚在一起，以曼德拉所属科萨人(Xhosa)的传统举行一个仪式。曼德拉信奉科萨人的传统，但他也表现出对非洲国民大会的忠诚，正是这个自由派政党把南非各种族人民团结到了一起。

'I asked him once what will happen when he goes,' said Ms. Balizulu, the village chief of Qunu. 'He said he will look for an ANC office in heaven.'

库奴村村长Balizulu说：我曾经问过曼德拉，你离世后会发生什么。他说他会去天堂寻找一间非洲国民大会办公室。