双语科技百科(近现代成就) 第132期:西气东输
West-to-East Gasl Diversion Project
The West-to-East Gas Diversion Project, as well as the "West-to-East Electricity Transmission," and the "South-to-North Water Diversion" is the governments key national strategic project, aimed at realigning overall economic development and achieving rational distribution of national resources across China. There is a natural gas storage of 26,000 billion m3, occupying 87% of the national storage, in Tarim Basin, Qaidam Basin, and Szechwan Basin, etc. gas fields in Western China, among which Tarim Basin in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has the capacity of 8,000 billion m3,22% of the national storage. The discovery of the natural gas reserves in Tarim Basin made China the fourth largest gas country after Russia, Qatar and Saudi Arabia.
“西气东输”与“西电东送”、“南水北调”并称为中国三大国家重点建设工程。实施西气东输工程，有利于促进我国能源结构和产业结构调整，为西部大开发、将西部地区的资源优势变为经济优势创造了条件，对推动和加快西部经济发展具有重大的战略意义。我国西部地区的塔里木、柴达木、陕甘宁和四川盆地蕴藏着26万亿立方米的天然气资源，约占全国陆上天然气资源的87%。特别是新疆塔里木盆地，天然气资源量有8万多亿立方米，占全国天然气资源总量的22%。塔里木盆地天然气的发现，使我国成为继俄罗斯、卡塔尔、沙特阿拉伯等国之后的天然气大国。The launch of the West-to-East Gas Diversion Project was passed in February, 2000. It is the landmark project of the Great Western Development Strategy in China. The first phase of the West-to-East Gas Diversion Project includes a 4,200km trunk pipeline running from Lunnan in Tarim Basin to Shanghai, conveying natural gas to central China, Eastern China and the Yangtze River delta zone. Finished in 2004, it is expected to have a capacity of 12 billion m3 annually. The second phase of the Project, operated by Petro China, will have a designed gas capacity of 30 billion m3 annually and the construction will begin in 2008. This second pipeline will be mainly supplied by Turkmenistan and Kazakstan, the Central Asia-China gas pipe- line. The third pipeline is designed to convey a joint gas supply from Russia and Xinjiang to the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta.
2000年2月国务院第一次会议批准启动“西气东输”工程，是拉开西部大开发序幕的标志性建设工程。从新疆至上海的西气东输一线管道2004年建成投产，线路全长约4200千米，年设计输量120亿立方米；全线采用自动化控制，供气范围覆盖中原、华东、长江三角洲地区。它西起塔里木盆地的轮南，起点是塔北油田，东至上海。西气东输二线管道主供气源为引进土库曼斯坦、哈萨克斯坦等中亚国家的天然气，国内气源作为备用和补充气源。据初步方案，西气东输二线干线管道设计输气规模300亿立方米／年，计划2008年全线开工，姒由中国石油独资建设，2010年建成通气。规划中的第三条天然气管道，路线基本确定为从新疆通过江西抵达福建，把俄罗斯和中国西北部的天然气输往能源需求量庞大的长江三角洲和珠zr三角洲地区。
