作为动词，have该怎么用？
The verb to have is used in a number of different ways in English. Here are the main uses of the verb to have for reference, self-study and in-class use.
在英语中，动词have有多种用法。下面是动词have主要的几种用法，供我们参考、自学和课堂应用。
HAVE FOR POSSESSION
have表示拥有
To have is used as a main verb to indicate possession of objects, characteristics, relationships or other qualities.
have常用作主动词来表示拥有某个物件、特点、关系或其他品质。
He has three books by Hemingway.
他有三本海明威写的书。
Jane has a sister in France.
简有个妹妹住在法国。
Frank has a lot of free time these days.
这些天弗兰克有大把的时间。
HAVE GOT FOR POSSESSION
have got表示拥有
Have got is also used, especially in British English, to indicate possession of objects, characteristics, relationships or other qualities.
have got也可以表示拥有某个物件、特点、关系或其他品质，这点尤其在英式英语中适用。
He's got some friends in Wales.
他在威尔士有一些朋友。
He's got red hair and freckles.
他的头发是红色的，脸上长着雀斑。
Alice has got three cousins.
爱丽丝有三个表兄弟。
TO HAVE - ACTION VERB
to have行为动词
To have is also used as a main verb to express a number of actions including:
to have也可以用作主动词来表示一系列动作：
have a bath, wash, shower, etc.
洗澡等等
have breakfast, lunch, dinner
吃早饭、中饭、午饭
have fun
玩得开心
have time available
有时间
have questions
有疑问
have a party
举办派对
have a walk, hike, ride, etc.
散步、远足、骑行等
have a discussion, fight, argument etc.
讨论、打架、争论等
Erica is having a bath at the moment.
艾丽卡正在洗澡。
We're going to have a party next week.
下周我们要去参加一个聚会。
She usually has breakfast at seven o'clock.
她总是在七点钟吃早饭。
TO HAVE - AUXILIARY VERB
to have-助动词
Have is also used as an auxiliary verb in the perfect tenses. Remember that the auxiliary verb takes the conjugation in English, so the verb have will change depending on the tense. Here is a quick review of the tenses that use have as an auxiliary verb:
have也可以在完成时态中做助动词使用。记住，英语中have有词形变化，所以动词have的形式会随着时态而改变。下面是对含有助动词have的时态进行快速的回顾：
Present Perfect: He has been to Georgia twice.
现在完成时：他去过两次乔治亚州。
Present Perfect Continuous: They have been waiting for over an hour.
现在完成进行时：他们已经等了一个多小时了。
Past Perfect: He had already eaten when she arrived.
过去完成时：她到达时，他已经吃过饭了。
Past Perfect Continuous: Jane had been working for two hours when he telephoned.
过去完成进行时：他打电话过来时，简已经工作了两个小时了。
Future Perfect: They will have been gone for four hours by two o'clock.
将来完成时：等到两点钟，他们就已经走了四个小时了。
Future Perfect Continuous: Max will have been playing the piano for two hours by the time he finishes.
将来完成进行时：等他完成时，马克思都弹了两个小时的钢琴了。
TO HAVE TO DO - MODAL FORM
情态形式
To have to do something expresses the idea that an action or routine is required of someone.
To have to do sth表示要求某人做某事或完成工作。
We use to have to do something to speak about our responsibilities in life. This form can have the same meaning as 'must', but is generally preferred when speaking about responsibilities. 'Must' is generally used to speak about strong personal obligation (For example: I must talk to Peter. It's important!) Will have to do something is used to speak about future obligations, and had to do something is used to speak about past obligations. The negative form don't / didn't have to do something refers to an action which is not required of someone, but possible nonetheless. 'Mustn't', on the other hand, refers to something that is prohibited.
我们用have to do sth来表示人生中应尽的责任。该形式和must的意思一样，但在表示责任时，我们一般会使用have to do。Must一般用于强烈的个人责任感（例如：我必须跟皮特谈谈。这件事太重要了！）Will have to do sth用来表示将来的责任，had to do sth则表示过去的责任。否定形式don’t/didn’t have to do sth表示某人不需要做某事，但也并不是绝对的。另一方面，mustn’t表示禁止做某事。
Present Examples:
现在时态的例子：
Doug has to get up early every day.
道格不得不每天早起。
They have to work hard on Saturdays.
他们不得不在周六辛苦工作。
She doesn't have to go to work on Saturdays. (It's possible, but not necessary)
她不需要在周六工作。（表示可能，但并不是绝对）
Past Examples:
过去时态的例子：
They had to leave early to catch the flight.
他们不得不早早出发去赶航班。
Jennifer had to explain the situation to Peter.
詹妮弗不得不向皮特解释情况。
I didn't have to go to the meeting in Dallas. (I could have gone, but it wasn't necessary)
我不需要去参加达拉斯的会议。（我也可以去，但并不是非去不可）
Future Examples:
将来时态的例子：
He will have to get up early tomorrow.
他明天得起早。
Janice will have to decide whether she wants to marry him or not.
詹尼斯就不得不作出决定，自己是否想嫁给他。
They won't have to purchase any additional materials. (They can, but it's not required.)
他们不需要再买多余的材料。（他们也可以买，但没被要求。）
HAVE GOT FOR OBLIGATION
have got表示责任
Have got to do' is used informally in the United States with the same meaning as 'have to do'. This form is fine for informal conversations, but should not be used in formal writing.'
在美式英语中，Have got to do比较口语化，它的意思和have to do相同。该形式适用于非正式会话，不用于正式的写作。
I've got to finish this report soon.
我不得不尽快完成这份报告。
She's got to keep calm and focus.
她不得不冷静下来，集中注意力。
They've got to keep up with the Jones'.
他们不得不和别人攀比。
CAUSATIVE USE OF HAVE
have的使动用法
'have' can also be used as a causative verb. A causative verb expresses something that someone causes to happen.
have也可以用作使役动词。使役动词表示某人导致了某事的发生。
To Have Something Happen / Happening - Experiences - Have + object(s) + base form of verb / -ing form
Have+物体（或复数）+动词原形/动名词形式
This form is used to speak about experiences that have happened, or experience in general.
该形式是用来表述已经发生的事情，或者一般的经历。
We have people visit us all the time.
一直都有客人来拜访我们。
Sherry had her children playing in the garden.
雪莉让孩子们在花园里玩。
I'd have music being performed at my funeral.
我会让人在我的葬礼上演奏音乐。
To Have Something Done - Arrangements - Have + object(s) + past participle
计划——Have+物体（或复数）+过去分词
This form is used to speak about something that you arrange to have done for you. This form is also known as the causative 'have' because it expresses something which someone else causes to happen.
该形式是用来表示，你在为某事而计划。这个形式中含有使役动词have，因为它表示某人导致某事的发生。
She had them delivered to her home.
她把这些东西都运回了家。
We had Jack promoted to director.
我们提拔杰克做主任。
She had her lawn mowed this past weekend.
上周末她修剪了草坪。
