世行行长承诺与亚投行创新合作

The World Bank’s US-appointed president has vowed to find “innovative” ways to work with a new Chinese-led Asian infrastructure bank, welcoming it as a “major new player” in the world of development.

美国任命的世界银行(World Bank)行长承诺，要找到“创新”的方式与中国主导的亚洲基础设施投资银行（Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank，简称“亚投行”）开展合作，对后者成为发展领域的一个“重量级新成员”表示欢迎。”

The overture by Jim Yong Kim comes ahead of next week’s World Bank and International Monetary fund meetings in Washington. It also marks a split with the administration of US president Barack Obama, which nominated the doctor and former university president to head the World Bank in 2012.

金墉(Jim Yong Kim，见上图)发表善意言论之际，世行和国际货币基金组织(IMF)将于下周在华盛顿开会。此言也标志着他的观点与奥巴马政府有所不同；奥巴马政府在2012年提名这位医生和前大学校长执掌世行。

With geopolitical imperatives and its competition with China for influence in the Pacific Rim in mind, the US unsuccessfully lobbied allies such as Australia, Japan and the UK not to join the nascent Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.

美国的立场受到地缘政治必要性和美中在太平洋周边角逐影响力这一现实的驱使，但它未能成功游说盟国（如澳大利亚、日本和英国）不加入亚投行。

Behind that push by Washington has also been a desire to protect the Bretton Woods institutions over which the US and Europe now wield veto power. So the move by one of those institutions’ heads to break from the US and outline co-operation with the new institution marks another blow to Washington.

美方努力背后的另一个愿望是捍卫美国和欧洲现在拥有否决权的布雷顿森林机构。因此，这些机构的掌门人之一现在偏离美国官方立场，提出与新机构合作，标志着华盛顿方面受到又一次打击。

Dr Kim has said he was willing to work with the AIIB before. But in a speech yesterday in Washington he offered his strongest endorsement yet of the AIIB, putting it high on the meeting agenda.

金墉之前曾表示他愿意与亚投行合作。但昨日在华盛顿发表讲话时，他对亚投行给予了迄今最强烈的肯定，将其列为会议议程上的重要议题。

Calling the AIIB and its fellow start-up, the Brics-backed New Development Bank, “potentially strong allies” for the World Bank that could become “great new forces” to help the world’s poor, he pledged to collaborate with them.

他形容亚投行和另一个初创机构、金砖国家支持的新开发银行(New Development Bank)是世行“潜在的强大盟友”，有望成为帮助世界上穷人的“伟大的新生力量”。他承诺与这些新机构合作。

“If the world’s multilateral banks, including the new ones, can form alliances, work together, and support development . . . we all benefit — especially the poor and most vulnerable,” he said. “I will do everything in my power to find innovative ways to work with these banks.”

“如果世界上的多边银行，包括那些新机构，可以结成联盟，开展合作，支持发展事业……大家都将受益，尤其是穷人和最弱势的群体，”他表示。“我会尽己所能，找到创新的方式与这些银行合作。”

One of those potential ways would be encouraging the AIIB to help finance projects run by the World Bank and subject to its environmental, labour and social standards, Dr Kim said ahead of the speech. Such a move would help address one of the fears expressed by the US as well as environmental and other advocacy groups over the AIIB.

金墉在发表讲话之前表示，潜在合作方式之一将是鼓励亚投行帮助为世行的项目融资，并遵守世行的环境、劳工和社会标准。此举将有助于化解美国以及环保和其他倡导团体对亚投行的担心之一。

Washington argues that with big questions still lingering over its governance structures there is a risk that the AIIB’s forays into developing countries will look much like China’s sometimes destructive and recent protest-inducing pushes into Africa and developing countries in Asia such as Myanmar.

华盛顿方面提出，在治理架构仍有很大问题的情况下，存在一个风险，即亚投行进军发展中国家的举动，看上去将很像中国进军非洲和缅甸等亚洲发展中国家的努力，这些努力有时是破坏性的，近年还往往引发抗议。

Dr Kim is due to meet Lou Jiwei, the Chinese finance minister, at next week’s meetings and he said he was looking forward to a “long session” with Mr Lou to discuss the AIIB and its collaboration with the World Bank.

金墉将在下周会议上与中国财政部长楼继伟会晤。他表示，他期待着与楼继伟“开一个长会”，好好谈谈亚投行及其与世行的合作。

To generate growth and meet the needs of rising populations the developing world needs an extra $1tn-$1.5tn each year to build bridges, roads, railways and other infrastructure, Dr Kim said. The world’s existing development banks lacked the resources to meet those needs, he said. To succeed, he said, more funding for projects needed to come from the private sector and new entrants such as the AIIB, which so far has a capital base of less than $100bn.

金墉表示，为了促进增长，满足日益增长的人口的需求，发展中国家每年需要额外的1万亿至1.5万亿美元建设桥梁、公路、铁路等基础设施。他承认，世界上现有的开发银行缺乏满足这些需求的资源。他说，要取得成功，需要由私营部门和亚投行这样的新进入者提供更多项目资金。亚投行目前的资本基础不到1000亿美元。

“These goals are ambitious — there’s more than enough work to go around,” Dr Kim said. “We’re talking about trillions of dollars — which means that we must be creative and use our resources.”

“这些目标是雄心勃勃的，大家都会有非常多的工作要做，”金墉说。“我们谈论的是数万亿美元，这意味着我们必须有创意，利用好我们的资源。”