俄罗斯解除对伊朗S 300销售禁令

Russia on Monday unblocked the sale to Iran of one of the world’s most advanced air-defence systems, in a move that will irk the US and other world powers involved in talks to limit Tehran’s nuclear programme.

周一，俄罗斯解除了向伊朗销售S-300系统的禁令，此举或激怒美国及其他参加限制伊朗核计划谈判的国家。S-300系统是目前世界上最先进的防空系统之一。

President Vladimir Putin cancelled a decree under which he had banned delivery of the S-300 system to the Islamic Republic in September 2009, a restriction imposed under intense diplomatic pressure from the US and Israel.

俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔•普京(Vladimir Putin)取消了一项禁止向伊朗提供S-300系统的禁令。该禁令是2009年9月，普京在美国和以色列的强大外交压力下提出的。

His move comes at a highly sensitive point in the negotiations over Iran’s nuclear programme, with the White House attempting to sell this month’s framework agreement with Tehran to a highly sceptical US Congress.

普京此举恰逢伊朗核计划磋商进入高度敏感时刻，白宫方面正试图向十分多疑的美国国会推销本月与伊朗政府达成的框架协议。

Opponents of the nuclear deal — which imposes conditions on Iran’s nuclear programme in exchange for sanctions relief — see the resumption of Russian arms sales as evidence of Iran winning space to hone its capabilities and better protect nuclear facilities from outside military action.

伊朗核协议为伊朗的核计划设置了限制条件，以换取其他国家解除对伊朗的制裁。该协议的反对者认为，俄罗斯恢复对伊军售证明，伊朗赢得了锻炼自身能力、更好地保护其核设施免受外来军事攻击的空间。

On Monday, Yuval Steinitz, the Israeli intelligence minister, said that the green light for S-300 sales was “a direct result of the legitimisation that Iran is receiving from the nuclear deal” this month, of which Israel’s government has been fiercely critical.

周一，以色列情报部长尤瓦尔•施泰尼茨(Yuval Steinitz)表示，S-300系统销售解禁是这个月“核计划协议赋予伊朗合法性的直接后果”。以色列政府对该协议始终持强烈批评态度。

“Instead of demanding Iran stop its terrorist activities which it is spreading in the Middle East and around the world, they are enabling it to arm with advanced weapons which will only increase its aggression,” Mr Steinitz said.

施泰尼茨表示：“他们并未要求伊朗停止在中东和全球不断蔓延的恐怖活动。相反，他们却令伊朗得以装备先进武器，这只会增加伊朗的侵略行为。”

Washington and Israel have long objected to the possible sale of the S-300s to Iran, saying they would destabilise the military balance in the region. Since 2006 successive US presidents have raised the issue with Mr Putin.

长期以来，美国政府和以色列政府一直反对向伊朗销售S-300系统，并表示这么做会打破该地区军事平衡。自2006年以来，连续多任美国总统都曾向普京提出这个问题。

The Obama administration played down the potential impact of the Russian announcement. Marie Harf, spokeswoman at the state department, said that the US does “not believe it’s constructive at this time for Russia to move forward with” the sale of the missiles. However, she added that “we don’t think this will have an impact on unity in terms of inside the negotiating rooms”.

奥巴马政府则试图淡化俄罗斯声明的潜在影响。美国国务院发言人玛丽•哈夫(Marie Harf)表示，美国“认为，俄罗斯在这个节点上推进”对伊导弹销售“毫无建设性”。不过，她补充说“我们认为这不会影响谈判桌上的团结”。

US secretary of state John Kerry talked to his Russian counterpart, Sergei Lavrov, on Monday and repeated Washington’s longstanding concerns about the potential deal, she said.

她说，美国国务卿约翰•克里(John Kerry)周一与俄罗斯外长谢尔盖•拉夫罗夫(Sergei Lavrov)举行了磋商，并重申了美国政府长期以来对俄伊潜在协议的担忧。

Some analysts in the US questioned whether Russia would actually ever deliver the missiles.

美国部分分析人士则质疑俄罗斯是否真的会向伊朗供应这批导弹。