解决阿富汗难民问题的新战略

An international conference in Geneva has agreed on a plan for the voluntary repatriation and reintegration of millions of Afghan refugees, of whom many have been living in exile for more than three decades. The multi-billion-dollar strategy lays out measures for creating favorable conditions for their return.

一个国际会议同意将阿富汗数以百万计的难民自愿遣返回国，让他们再次融入自己的国家。这些难民很多人都流亡国外30多年了。这个数十亿美元的计划提出了一些措施，目的是为难民重返创造有利的条件。

During the past 10 years, more than 5.7 million Afghan refugees have returned to Afghanistan. This is nearly one quarter of the Afghan population. In addition, almost two million refugees are still living in neighboring Pakistan and another one million in Iran, making this one of the largest and longest-lasting refugee situations in the world.

在过去十年中，超过570万阿富汗难民陆续回到了自己的国家，这几乎是阿富汗人口的四分之一。除此以外，几乎200万难民仍生活在邻国巴基斯坦，还有100万人生活在伊朗，造成了全世界规模最大、人数最多、时间最长的难民问题之一。

Participants at a U.N.-sponsored conference recognized the enormous economic and social costs shouldered by the host countries and, in the adoption of a strategic plan, they reaffirm the importance of the international community to share the burden and to assist the host communities.

出席联合国发起的这次国际会议的各国都认识到，收容难民的国家在经济和社会上付出了巨大的代价。各国再次强调国际社会分担和援助难民接受国的重要性。

Pakistan Minister of States and Frontier Regions Engineer Shaukat Ullah says he is pleased with the outcome of the conference. But, to make the strategy work, he says the final settlement that emerges as international forces draw down from Afghanistan in 2014 must include the Afghan refugee issue.

巴基斯坦边境地区事务部长兼体育部长肖卡特乌拉说，他很高兴这次大会取得成果。但是为了这个策略发挥作用，他说最终的解决方案随着国际部队在2014年前逐步撤离，阿富汗难民问题一定要包括在内。

"The only solution to the Afghan refugee situation is their early and swift voluntary repatriation into their homeland," said Ullah. "The government of Pakistan's management and repatriation strategy envisions their return by December, 2012. The friends of Afghan people should redouble their effort and their early voluntary repatriation."

他说：“解决阿富汗难民局势的唯一方法是他们尽早自愿地返回自己的家园。巴基斯坦政府的管理和遣返战略设想他们应该在2012年12月底前返回。阿富汗人应该加倍努力，尽快自愿离开居住国返回阿富汗。”

The Pakistani minister says the international community should step forward and share some of this burden by offering resettlement opportunities in more prosperous countries.

这位巴基斯坦部长说，国际社会应该勇敢地站出来，分担他们的负担，为他们在更为繁荣的国家提供重新安置的机会。The Iranian Ambassador to the United Nations in Geneva agrees with his Pakistani colleague. Despite the economic and social drain on his country, he says Iran has generously provided skills training to hundreds of thousands of Afghan students, job opportunities to about 300,000 Afghan refugees, and has spent millions of dollars in medical care every year.

伊朗驻日内瓦联合国分部大使同意这位巴基斯坦官员的看法。他说，尽管他的国家受到经济和社会流失的影响，但是伊朗仍然慷慨地为成千上万的阿富汗学生提供了技术培训，为大约30万阿富汗难民提供了就业机会，每年出资数百万美元用于这些人的医疗照顾。

U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees Antonio Guterres says it is remarkable that the three countries - Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iran - were able to come together and present a joint solution to the Afghan refugee problem.

联合国难民署高级专员安东尼奥.古特雷斯说，阿富汗、巴基斯坦和伊朗这三个国家能够一道为阿富汗难民问题提供就业解决方案，真是可喜可赞。

Although he believes the agreement will have a positive impact, he says the strategy does not replace a political solution.

尽管他认为这个协议将带来积极的推动力，但他说，这项战略并不取代政治解决方案。

"I think that it is absolutely essential that the international community works together with the national stakeholders and the regional stakeholders in order to make sure that an inclusive political solution is found for peace and security to be established in Afghanistan in a way that strongly enhances the return movement... It is also obvious that a concerted effort, an investment inside Afghanistan and 48 areas have been selected as area of high potential for return for that investment will also be able to enhance this movement," said Guterres.

他说：“我认为非常重要的是，国际社会必须和利益相关的各国共同努力，确保找到一个政治解决方案，为给阿富汗带来和平与安全，这样也会推动难民自愿遣返。”

Conference participants agreed to recognize the importance of providing livelihoods, education, shelter, and basic services to entice Afghan refugees to return home and to stay home.

参加这次大会的各国代表也同意，应该通过提供民生、教育、临时住所以及基本服务，来吸引阿富汗难民返回家园。

They say, if they succeed in this, the efforts also should help to reduce the pressure on Afghans to leave the country in search of employment opportunities. The conference estimates it will cost nearly $2 billion to implement the plan for the next three years.

他们说，如果这个做法成功，这项努力也应该能帮助减少阿富汗人离开本国到外国区寻找工作和机会的压力。大会估计，今后三年实施这一计划需要大约20亿美元。