调查研究:年长女性容易感到生活不幸福

According to the Daily Mail of October 21, a study has found that many women will find themselves more miserable with their advancing years, while most men feel happier once retired.

Men become more satisfied with their lives once they have escaped the "drudgery" of full-time work, but for old women, retirement is more likely to bring loneliness and monotony, researchers discovered.

Women over the age of 75 were the worst affected, with women of this age particularly likely to have low levels of "wellbeing."

Many reported suffering from depression, poor quality of life, loneliness and poor "life satisfaction."

Professor Michael Marmot, who led the research, said that the over-50s in general had become less happy with their lives over the past four years.

But he said that women in particular tended to be unhappy as they grew older because they had outlived their husbands and their children had grown up and moved away.

Women were also disproportionately affected by the difficulties of having to care for sick relatives - something which was revealed to take a significant toll on wellbeing.

But men appear to buck the trend after retirement, with higher levels of "life satisfaction" among those aged over 65 than in younger men, according to the report.

Professor Michael suggested that this could be because men were enjoying retirement more than going to work every day, finding the time to concentrate on hobbies and spend time with friends and family.

The study, carried out by researchers from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, tracked more than 10,000 men and women aged over 50 since 2002. The study is the most comprehensive one of its kind, which monitored their spending levels, happiness and health.

据《每日邮报》10月21日报道，一项研究发现，随着年龄的增长，很多女性感到她们的生活变得痛苦不幸，而男性一旦退休以后会感到更加幸福。

研究者发现，男性一旦逃离全职工作这个“苦差事”，他们对自己的生活感到更加满意，但是，对于年长的女性来说，退休更可能给她们带来的是孤独和单调。

年龄在75岁以上的女性受到的影响最大，这个阶段的女性尤其可能会感觉到生活的不幸福。

据报道很多女性患有抑郁症、生活质量差、感到孤独和对生活不满意。

研究的领导者、迈克•马尔莫特教授说，过去四年研究发现，年龄在50岁以上的人一般都会感到生活不幸福。

但是他又说，随着年龄增长，女性特别经常会感到不开心，是因为他们失去了丈夫，而且子女长大以后，不在她们身边。

她们还会不同程度的感到因照顾生病的亲人带来的困难，据透露她们这些困难会大大影响到她们的幸福感。

报告显示，男性退休后似乎不会有相同的感受，比起年轻人，65岁以上的男性对生活感到更加满意。

迈克教授认为，这是因为男性可以享受退休生活，不用每天忙于工作，他们有时间关注自己的兴趣爱好，和朋友和家人一起享受时光。

这项研究由英国老龄化纵向研究协会的研究人员完成。他们自2002年以来就对1万多名年龄在50岁以上的男性和女性进行追踪调查。这项研究在同类研究中是最全面详细的，他们密切关注被调查者的消费水平、幸福感和健康等指标。