研究表明,喝咖啡或延年益寿

A new study provides more good news for coffee lovers. Drinking coffee is associated with a lower risk of early death - virtually regardless of how much you drink and whether or not it's caffeinated, concludes a paper published Monday in JAMA Internal Medicine.

一项新研究为咖啡爱好者带来了好消息。喝咖啡与更低的早死率风险相关--不管你喝多少，也不管是否含有咖啡因，周一发表于JAMA Internal Medicine期刊的一篇文章总结道。

"We observed an inverse association for coffee drinking with mortality, including among participants who reported drinking at least one cup per day, up to eight or more cups per day, as well as those drinking filtered, instant and decaffeinated coffee," said Dr. Erikka Loftfield, the study's lead investigator and a research fellow at the National Cancer Institute, in an email to TIME.

"我们观察到喝咖啡与死亡率呈负相关，包括那些称自己每天至少喝1杯，最多喝8杯或更多杯的受试者，也包括喝那过滤咖啡、速溶咖啡和不含咖啡因的咖啡的受试者，"该研究的首席研究员、国家癌症研究所的研究员Erikka Loftfield博士在写给《时代》杂志的邮件中说道。

The researchers used data from the UK Biobank study, through which a large group of UK adults completed health questionnaires, underwent physical examinations and provided biological samples. For the current study, the researchers analyzed information provided by about 500,000 people, who answered questions about their coffee consumption, smoking and drinking habits, health history and more. During the study's 10-year follow-up period, around 14,200 of those people died.

研究人员使用英国生物银行（UK Biobank）研究的数据，一大批英国成年人在研究中完成了健康问卷调查、做了体检、并提供了生物样本。对于目前的研究，研究人员分析了大约50万人提供的信息，他们回答了有关喝咖啡、吸烟和饮酒习惯、健康史等方面的问题。后续研究进行了10年，在这段时间内，约有14200人死亡。

The researchers found longevity benefits associated with nearly every level and type of coffee consumption. Risk reduction varied slightly depending on how much coffee someone consumed, its caffeine content and whether it was instant or ground. But overall, relative to non-drinkers, those who drank one cup of coffee per day had an 8% lower risk of premature death - a rate that rose slightly as consumption increased, peaking at 16% for those drinking six to seven daily cups, before dipping slightly, to 14%, for those having eight or more cups each day.

研究人员发现，几乎每种水平和类型的咖啡摄入都与长寿益处相关。基于人们喝咖啡的量、含咖啡因的程度、是速溶咖啡还是研磨咖啡，风险降低的程度略有不同。但总体而言，相比不喝咖啡的人，那些每天喝一杯咖啡的人过早死亡的风险降低了8%--随着喝咖啡的量的增加，这一比率略有上升，对于那些每天喝六至七杯的人而言，这一比例达到16%，对于那些每天喝八杯或更多杯的人而言，比例略有降低，为14%。

The speed at which a person metabolized caffeine didn't seem to affect longevity, despite prior research that suggested coffee consumption might be related to increased risks of high blood pressure and heart attack among people who metabolize caffeine slowly. But those studies only looked at coffee drinking after disease occurrence and did not examine overall mortality risk, as the current paper did, Loftfield said.

人们代谢咖啡因的速度似乎对寿命没有影响，尽管先前的研究表明，对于代谢咖啡因慢的人而言，喝咖啡与患高血压和心脏病的风险增加有关。但Loftfield说，这些研究只关注发病后喝咖啡的情况，并没有查看整体的死亡风险，没有做到当前文章所做的事情。